Investigating the Impact of the Urban Justice Paradigm on Environmental Inequalities (Case Study: Farahzad, Tehran)

Document Type : Research Article (Applied - Development)

Authors

1 Urban Planning Department, Qazvin Branch of Islamic Azad University, Qazvin, Iran

2 Professor of the Faculty of Urban Planning, Campus of Fine Arts, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran (CA)

10.22103/JUSG.2021.2054

Abstract

Objective: The development of justice in civil societies and overcoming existing inequalities requires the provision of philosophical foundations and the principles of the realization of the concept of urban justice. Efforts to achieve this goal are made by explaining the thinking course of various philosophers on the subject of justice and how to implement its implementation process. Hence, the new paradigm of urban justice is based on the three dimensions of justice (law, ethics, and civilization) and four basic dimensions (substantive, formal, distributive, and structural). Accordingly, the realization of this paradigm in Farahzad Tehran is evaluated. The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of the urban justice paradigm on decreeing environmental inequalities.
Methods: The present research is applied-developmental in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of the research method used. The method of data collection was documentary and field. Also, the statistical population of the study consists of residents, users, experts and city officials.The results were analyzed in SPSS software based on descriptive statistics (qualitative, average, and standard deviation items) and inferential statistics (weighting of Bogardus, one-sample t-test, and Pearson correlation items).
Results: The results of the Bogardus scale data indicate a large social distance and an undesirable level of acceptance among the residents of Farahzad. In addition, the data of one-sample t-test and Pearson correlation analysis in Delphi questionnaire and measuring the application of local paradigm of urban justice in the ratified plan of urban-oriented organizing of Farahzad, show the favorable status of this plan in terms of law and ethics against the unfavorable conditions of socialism dimension, from the viewpoint of experts.
Conclusion: Therefore, The results of the research indicate the existence of deep gaps and shortcomings in the field of realization of various aspects of urban justice in Farahzad area compared to the surrounding areas. On this basis, the existence of a direct relationship between distributive justice and structural justice in the field of urban justice paradigm is shown. These funds will be adopted and monitored in the formal dimension of urban justice and based on interactive policies.

Keywords

References

Al-Hemyari, Z. A (2018). Cochran's formula. www.researchgate.net.
Bhasin, H (2019). DelphiMethod: Definition, Steps, and Importance of Delphi Method. October 18, 2019. www.marketing91.com. (in English)
Akhavan Kazemi, B (2018). A comparative view of the concept of justice in the political philosophy of Plato and Aristotle. Journal of Legal Studies, Volume 10, Number 3. (in Persian)
Chappelow, j (2019). Social Justice. https://www. investopedia. com/terms/ s/s ocial-justice. asp.     Nov 8, 2019. (in English)
Cohen, A (2011). Justice in the City, An Argument from the Sources of Rabbinic Judaism,    New Perspectives in Post-Rabbinic Judaism. Published by Academic Studies Press in 2011. www.academicstudiespress.com. (in English)
Feinstein, S (2013). The just city. International Journal of Urban Sciences, 2014.Vol.18, No.1, pp. 1- 18. https://doi.org/10.1080/12265934.2013.834643. (in English)
Fanton, M (2020). Rawls’s Point of View: A Systematic Reading of Justice as
     Fairness. Bras. Political Sci. Rev. vol.14 no.2, São Paulo  2020  Epub Aug 03, 2020.https://doi.org/10.1590/1981-3821202000020003. (in English)
General policies of the country's development programs. www.khamenei.ir. (in Persian)
GHaedrahmati, S., Khademalhoosini, A., Tahmasebi, F (2018). Spatial analysis of social justice in city of Isfahan, Iran.  ANNALS OF GIS, 2018. Taylor & Francis GROUP. https://doi.org /10. 1080/19475683.2018.1424732. (in English)
Griffin, T.L., Cohen, A., Maddox, D (2015). The Just City Essays, Visions for Urban Equity, Inclusivity and Opportunity. (Volume 1 of The Just City Essays Series). Independent Publisher. Available from: https:// www .thenatu reofcities.com/the-just-city-essays. (accessed March 2019). (in English)
 Hoye , J.M (2019). Natural Justice, Law, and Virtue in Hobbes’s Leviathan.  Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Online Publication Date: 04 Oct 2019, In: Volume 32:  Issue 2. Pp. 179–208. https://doi.org/10.1163/18750257-03202004. (in English)
Jensen, A (2018). Kant’s Theory of Justice. the University of Minnesota, December 17, 2018. https://cla.umn.edu/philosophy/news-events/story/kant-s-theory -justice. (in English)
Kiersznowski, G (2020). Rousseau and Rawls on Legitimacy and Justice. https://theclassic journal .uga.edu/index.php/2020/05/04/rousseau-and-rawls-on-legitimacy-and-justice/. (in English)
Lawnik, M., Banasik, A (2020). Delphi Method Supported by Forecasting Software. www.mdpi.com/journal/information. Information 2020, 11, 65; doi:10.3390/info 11020065. (in English)
Mather, D. M., Jones, S.W., Moats, S (2017). Improving upon Bogardus: Creating a More Sensitive and Dynamic Social Distance Scale. https://doi.org/10.29115/SP-2017-0026. (in English)
Marcus, P., Connolly, J., Novi, J., Olivier, I., Parter, B., Steele, J (2013). In Search of a Justice-Driven City: Discussions on Urban Theory and Experience. Translated by Hadi Saeedi Rezvani and Mahjoubeh Kashmiri. Tehran: Shahr Publishing. (in Persian)
Miller, D (2017). Justice. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, https://plato. stanford. edu /entries/justice.  (in English)
Motahari, M (1992). justice of God. Tehran: Sadra Publishing. (in Persian)
Mousavi, M.N., Modiri, M (2015). Prioritization of Islamic-Iranian justice indicators in achieving land management and balanced development in Iran. Geographic Information, Volume 24, Number 95. (in Persian)
Mock, B (2018). In Search of the Just City. www.bloomberg.com. 2018-06-01. (in English)
Moroni, S (2019). The just city. Three background issues: Institutional justice and spatial justice, social justice and distributive justice, concept of justice and conceptions of justice. Volume: 19 issue: 3, pp. 251-267. Article first published online: September 25, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1177/ 1473095219877670. (in English)
 Nussbaum, M (2011). What Makes Life Good? Measurements of economic growth fail to capture many facets of well-being. www.hup.harvard.edu,  April 13, 2011. (in English)
Perulli, P (2020). Collective action in the cities of the world. A perspective from the Souths. FEEM “Souths of the World” School Background Paper (Milan, November 2020). http://www.southsoftheworld.com/background-paper-2020/. (in English)
Saberifar, R (2018). Measuring the success rate of justice-oriented policies by determining the level of development of urban areas based on sustainable development indicators (case study of Mashhad). Geography and Human Relations, Volume 1, Number 2. (in Persian)
Sen, A (2009). The idea of ​​justice. Translated by Vahid Mahmoudi and Hormoz Homayounpour, Kondokav Publications, 2013. (in Persian)
Shakoori, A (2016). Exploring the social justice controversy between Western and Islamic thinkers. Journal of Social Theories of Muslim Thinkers, Volume 6, Number 2. (in Persian)
Shakall, N (2020). Bogardus social distance scale. https://600001 .ru/science/bogardus-social-distance-scale.php. (in English)
Steil, J., Connolly, J (2009). Can the just city be built from below?. Collected in Searching for the Just city book (2011). (in English)
Taqvaee, A. A., Bemanian, M, R., Pourjafar, M.R., Bahrampour, M (1394). Measurement of spatial justice in the framework of justice-oriented city theory; Case study: Twenty-two areas of Tehran Municipality. Urban Management, No. 38. (in Persian)
Torres, M., Axelbank, G (2018). BRAC Seeks Innovators for Starlight Park Project. May 15, 2018. https://www.thisisthebronx.info/brac-seeks-innovators -for-starlight-park-project. (in English)
Yiftachel, O., Goldhaber, R., Nuriel, R (2009). Urban justice and recognition, Affirmation and hostility in Beer Sheva. Collected in Searching for the Just city book (2011).
Www.bronxriver.org. (in English)
Www.libguides.library.kent.edu/SPSS/OneSampletTest. (in English)
Www.statisticssolutions.com. (in English)
 
Journal of Urban Social Geography
Volume 8, Issue 2 - Serial Number 19
September 2021
Pages 244-223

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 10 June 2021
  • Revise Date: 27 August 2021
  • Accept Date: 21 September 2021

Share

How to cite

Statistics