Study of Environmental-Physical Factors Affecting Women's Social Security Feeling

Introduction: the peri-urban areas of Ardabil suffer from physical disorder, weakened social monitoring and social capital, inadequate infrastructure, and residential instability—conditions that critically threaten women's security. Accordingly, this study aims to examine the influence of environmental-physical factors on women's sense of social security through survey and questionnaire methods.
Data and Method: This applied research adopts a quantitative approach with a descriptive-correlational design. The statistical population comprises all women aged 18 and above residing in Ardabil's peri-urban zones in 2025. A sample of 384 participants was determined using Cochran's formula and selected via multi-stage cluster sampling. Data were collected through a researcher-developed questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS software with Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression tests. Instrument validity and reliability were confirmed through CVR/CVI indices and Cronbach's alpha (0.89), respectively.
Results: Results revealed that negative past experiences (β = -0.341), environmental attachment (β = 0.302), local monitoring (β = 0.224), environmental social capital (β = 0.198), civic-environmental disorder (β = -0.185), and residential instability (β = -0.157) significantly influenced women's sense of social security in Ardabil's peri-urban areas. Collectively, these independent variables explained 47% of the variance in social security according to the regression model.
Conclusion: The presence"eyes on the street" and local social capital networks enhances perceived security, whereas visual disorder and high residential turnover diminish it. Women's security emerges from the complex interplay of physical-environmental factors. Effective urban policies must therefore simultaneously strengthen environmental attachment, reduce visible disorder, stabilize residential patterns, and reconstruct social-civic capital within these marginalized neighborhoods