An Analysis of Local Community’s Attitude toward Effects of Tourism (Case study: Naqsh-e Jahan Neighborhood, Isfahan city)

Document Type : Research Article (Applied - Development)

Authors

1 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Geographical Sciences and Planning, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran

2 MA of Geography & Tourism Planning, Faculty of Geographical Sciences and Planning, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran

10.22103/JUSG.2021.2047

Abstract

Objective: Understanding the attitude of the local community in relation to tourism development is an important step in the development of sustainable tourism. Therefore, it is necessary to assess the attitude of the local community on tourism development in order to plan properly for the future. The present study aims to investigate and analyze the residents’ attitudes of the Naqsh-e Jahan neighborhood in Isfahan towards tourism.
Methods: Descriptive-analytical method was used and information was collected with questionnaire and interview technique. Data analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical methods, also qualitative research method.
Results: The results indicated that local residents welcome the tourism development. Because the tourism development leads to the improvement of economic, social and physical conditions in the neighborhood. But locals are skeptical of some aspects of tourism development, such as crime, and believe that tourism development could lead to some anomalies. Also, based on the analysis of the interview, 28 strategies in 7 categories to increase satisfaction by the local community were obtained, including job capacity development, capital attraction, participatory planning, strengthening the interaction of the host and guest community, culture building, strengthening urban security and strengthening neighborhood infrastructure.
Conclusion: The spread of tourism benefits to the whole neighborhood will not only create satisfaction in the local community for tourism, but also with hospitality and providing better services to the guest community will play an effective role in the ultimate satisfaction of tourists.

Keywords


Adeli, S (2013). Residents` Attitude Toward Tourism and its Impacts, Case study: Fahadan district. Honar-Ha-Ye-Ziba Memari-Va-Shahrsazi, 17(4), pp. 1-15. (in Persian)
Ajzashkoohi, M., Bouzarjomehri, Kh., Istgoldi, M., Maududi, M (2014). Investigating the effects of tourism on the quality of life of the host community Study sample: Bandar-e-Turkmen city. Geographical space, 14(47), pp. 101-125. (in Persian)
Albu, R. G (2020). Study on the effects of tourism development on the local community of Brasov. Economic Sciences, 12(61), pp. 37–42. (In English)
Ap, J., J. L. Crompton (1993). Residents' Strategies for Responding to Tourism Impacts. Journal of Travel Research, 32(1), pp. 47-50. (In English)
Beeton, S (2019). Community development through tourism. Translated by Hossein Mokhtari Hashi, Narges Vazin, Morteza Nosrati, Tehran: Mahkameh. (in Persian)
Brooker, E., Burgess, J (2008). Marketing destination Niagara effectively through the tourism life cycle. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 20 (3), pp. 278-292. (In English)
Çelik, S., Rasoolimanesh, S.M (2021). Residents’ Attitudes towards Tourism, Cost–Benefit Attitudes, and Support for Tourism: A Pre-development Perspective. Tourism Planning & Development, 19, pp. 1-19. (In English)
Chen, C.F., Chen, F.S (2010). Experience Quality, Perceived Valve, Satisfaction and Behavioral Intentions for Heritage Tourists, Tourism Management, 3(1), pp. 29-35. (In English)
Chen, J. S (2001). Assessing and Visualizing Tourism Impacts from Urban Residents’ Perspective. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Research, 25(3), pp. 235-250. (In English)
Fazenda, N., Nunes da Silva, F., Costa, C (2010). Douro Valley Tourism Plan, The plan as part of a sustainable tourist destination development process. Worldwide Hospitality and tourism themes, 2 (4), pp. 428-440. (In English)
Garcia, F. A., Vázquez, A. B., Macías, R. C )2015). Resident's attitudes towards the impacts of tourism. Tourism Management Perspectives, 13(1), pp. 33-40. (In English)
Ghadami, M. Aliqolizadeh, F.N (2012). Evaluation of destination tourism development in the framework of sustainability of the study sample (Tamashkal district/ Tonekabon county). Geographical Research, 27 (104), pp. 79-104 (In Persian).
Ghanbari, A., Shojaeivand, B (2015). Peoples Attitude Toward Urban Tourism Development Evidences from Zones 7 and 10 of Tabriz. Geographical Research, 30 (4), pp. 168-185. (in Persian)
Gharkhloo, M., Ramezanzadeh, M., Glin, J. (2009). Environmental Impacts of Tourism on the beaches of Ramsar. Human Geography, 1(3), pp. 1-12. (in Persian)
Ghazanfarpour, H., Kamandari, M., Mostafa Pour, N (2013). Geography of tourism with emphasis on urban tourism. Tehran: Noor Alam Publications. (in Persian)
Gu, X., Hunt, C.A., Lengieza, M.L., Niu, L., Wu, H., Wang, Y., Jia, X (2021). Evaluating Residents’ Perceptions of Nature-Based Tourism with a Factor-Cluster Approach. Sustainability, 13(199), pp. 1-19. (In English)
Gursoy, D., Rutherford, D.G (2004). Host attitudes toward tourism an improved structural model. Annals of Tourism Research, 31 (3), pp. 495-516. (In English)
Gursoy, D., Jurowski, C., Uysal, M (2002). Resident Attitudes: A Structural Modeling Approach. Annals of Tourism Research, 29 (1), pp. 79 –105. (In English)
Habibpour, K., Safari, A (2010). Comprehensive Manual for Using SPSS in Survey Researches. Tehran: Louyeh publication. (in Persian)
Hernandez, S.A., Cohen, J., Garcia, H.L (1996). Residents’ attitudes towards an instant resort enclave. Annals of Tourism Research 23 (4), pp. 755-779. (In English)
 Karami, M (2012). Assessing the sustainability of tourism from the perspective of the local community; Case Study, Niasar city. Journal of Applied Research in Geographical Sciences, 12 (25), pp. 31-55. (in Persian)
Kask, T., Raagmaa, G (2010). The spirit of place of West Estonian Resorts. Norwegian Journal of Geography. 64 (3), pp. 162-171. (In English)
Kiani Salmi, S., Sadeghian, N., Nowruz, A (2020). Identifying the function and mechanism of the effect of tourism on supporting destination society with variable of comsent mediator. Urban Structure and Function Studies, 7 (24), pp. 205-229. (in Persian)
King, B., Pizam, A., Milman, A (1993). Social impacts of tourism: Host perceptions. Annals of Tourism Research, 20 (4), pp. 650-665. (In English)
Lundberg, E (2017). The importance of tourism impacts for different local resident groups: A case study of a Swedish seaside destination. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 6(1), pp. 46–55. (In English)
McGehee, N. G., Andereck, K. L (2004). Factors predicting rural residents' support of tourism. Journal of Travel Research, 43 (2), pp. 131-140. (In English)
Min, Z., Pan, X., Wu, B (2012). Research on residents' perceptions on tourism impacts and attitudes: a case study of Pingyao Ancient City. 6th Conference of the International Forum on Urbanism (IFoU), TOURBANISM, Barcelona, pp. 25-27. (In English)
Mohammadpour, N., Rajabzadeh, A., Azar, A., Zargham Borujeni, H (2016). Investigating the role of host communities in supporting tourism development: A case study of Gilan province. Organizational Resource Management Research, 6 (2), pp. 125-139. (in Persian)
Monterrubio, C., Osorio, M., Benítez, J )2018). Comparing enclave tourism's socioeconomic impacts: A dependency theory approach to three state-planned resorts in Mexico. Journal of Destination Marketing and Management, 8, pp. 412-422. (In English)
Moraru, A.D., Duhnea, C., Barbulescu, A., Juganaru. M., Juganaru, I.D (2021). Residents’ Attitude toward Tourism—Do the Benefits Outweigh the Downsides? The Case of Constanta, Romania. Sustainability, 13(2), pp. 1-16. (In English) 
 Moreira Gregori, P.E., Roman, C., Martin, J.C (2020). Residents’ perception of a mature and mass tourism destination: The determinant factors in Gran Canaria. Tourism Economics, pp. 1-20. (In English)
Ngowi, R. E., Jani, D (2018). Residents’ perception of tourism and their satisfaction: Evidence from Mount Kilimanjaro, Tanzania. Development Southern Africa, 35(6), pp. 731–742. (In English)
Obradović, S., Stojanović, V (2021). Measuring residents’ attitude toward sustainable tourism development: a case study of the Gradac River gorge, Valjevo (Serbia). Tourism Recreation Research, 46, pp. 1-13. (In English) 
Ozturk, A.B., Ozer, O., Çaliskan, U (2015). The relationship between local residents’ perceptions of tourism and their happiness: A case of Kusadasi, Turkey. Tourism Review, 70, pp. 232–242. (In English)
Perdue, R. R., Long, P.T., Allen, L (1990). Resident Support for Tourism Development. Annals of Tourism Research, 17(4), pp. 586-599. (In English)
Pisonero, R. D (2011). Actuation and Promotion Mechanisms of Urban Tourism: The Case of Seville (Spain). Turizam, 15 (1), pp. 26-39. (In English)
 Ranjbarian, B., Zahedi, M (2013). Tourism Marketing. Isfahan: Chaharbagh Publications. (in Persian)
Rezvani, M.R (2008). Rural Tourism Development (Sustainable Tourism Approach). Tehran: University of Tehran Press. (in Persian)
Sedighi, H., Ahmadpour K. A (2005), Assessing the attitude of saffron farmers towards the production and development of saffron cultivation and examining their issues and problems (Case study, Gonabad city). Iranian Agricultural Sciences, 36 (3), pp. 689-699. (in Persian)
Sharpley, R (2014). Host perceptions of tourism: A review of the research. Tourism Management, 42, pp. 37-49. (In English)
Statistics of Isfahan city (2019). Isfahan Municipality. Isfahan: Deputy of Planning, Research and Information Technology of Isfahan. (in Persian)
Szromek, A. R., Kruczek, Z., Walas, B (2021). Stakeholders’ attitudes towards tools for sustainable tourism in historical cities. Tourism Recreation Research, 46, pp. 1-13. (In English)
Thetsane, R (2019). Local community participation in tourism development: The case of Katse Villages in Lesotho. Athens Journal of Tourism, 6(2), pp. 123–140. (In English)
Toglhofer, C., Eigner, F., Prettenthaler, F. E (2011). Impacts of snow conditions on tourism demand in Austrian ski areas. Climate Research, 46(1), pp. 1-14. (In English)
Unesco (2021). Properties inscribed on the World Heritage List of Iran. available in https://whc.unesco.org/en/statesparties/IR. (In English)
Uysal, U. E (2013). Urban Tourism Promotion: What Makes the Difference. Current Research Journal of Social Sciences, 5(1), pp. 17-27. (In English)
Vosoughi, L., Dadourkhani, F., Matiei Langroudi, H., Rahnamaei, M.T (2011). Winter tourism and examining important factors in tourist satisfaction Case study: Shemshak and Darbandsar resorts as two winter destinations. Tourism Management Studies Quarterly Journal, 6(15), pp. 1-27. (in Persian)
Yasong, W., Pfister R. E (2008). Residents’ Attitudes Toward Tourism and Perceived Personal Benefits in a Rural Community. Journal of Travel Research, 47 (1), pp. 84-93. (In English)
Zahedi, Sh. (2007). Sustainable tourism and ecotourism (Environmental Perspective). Tehran: Allameh Tabataba'i University Press. (in Persian)
Zargham Borujeni, H., Rasouli, N., Kohzadi, S. (2011). The role of local community participation in achieving sustainable tourism development in developing countries. Conference on Tourism and Sustainable Development, Islamic Azad University, Hamadan. (in Persian)