Spatial preferences of the creative class as driving forces to development in metropitan Areas; Case study of Tehran metropolis

Document Type : Research Article (Applied - Development)

Authors

1 MSc of Urban Planning, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.

2 Assistant Professor of Urban & Regional Planning & Design, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.

10.22103/JUSG.2021.2039

Abstract

In the age of globalization and competitiveness of urban centers, the creative class is considered as one of the main drivers of growth and development of metropolitan areas. In this regard, the recruitment and maintenance of this social group, by identifying and evaluating their spatial preferences, has been included in the agenda of spatial development planning of cities and metropolitan areas. Accordingly, the aim of the present study is to (1) explain the relationship between the creative class as driving forces and growth and development as an achievement and also (2) identify the various spatial preferences of creative classes of Tehran metropolis to allocate residential, leisure, activity and communication needs.
The combined methodology (qualitative and quantitative) has been used in this article; In collecting information, the methods of documentary, statistical and social analysis were used in the form of interviews and questionnaires, and in the classification of creative groups, the scenario method was used. The high correlation between the share of creative manpower and the value-added output confirms this claim. Similarly, the analysis makes it possible to identify four distinct groups: naturalistic, urbanist, knowledge-based, and artistic, depending on the differences in the characteristics of the activity and the spatial preferences of the creative class. Creating and maintaining a creative class in the metropolis of Tehran requires identifying the differences, features, and preferential spatial preferences of each of these groups. Based on this, their spatial-activity preferences were identified and presented in the form of solutions.

Keywords

References

Arshian, A., Ostadi, M (2016).  Attracting the Creative Class in urban space using interactive public art. 2nd International Conference on Civil Engineering, Environmental Architecture and Urban Management. Mashhad: Azad University of Mashhad. (In Persian)
Ashtari, H., Mahdnezhad, H (2012). Creative City; Cretive Class. Tehran: Tisa publication. (In Persian)
Alfken, C., Broekel, T., Sternberg, R (2013). Factors Explaining the Spatial Agglomeration of the Creative Class: Empirical Evidence for German Artists. European Planning Studies. 23(12. ( (In English)
Atkinson, R., Easthope, H (2009). The Consequences of the Creative Class: The Pursuit of Creativity Strategies in Australia's Cities. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 33, pp. 64-79. (In English)
Bereitschaft, B (2016). Do Creative and Non Creative Workers exhibit similar preferences for urban Amenities? An Exploratory Case Study of Omaha, Nebraska. Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Sustainability, pp. 1- 19. (In English)
Biernacki, P., Waldorf, D (1981). SnowBall Sampling. SocioLogical Methods and Research. 10(2) , pp. 141-163. (In English)
Bontje, M., Mustard, S (2009). Creative Industries, Creative Class and Competitiveness: Expert Opinions. (In English)
Boren, T., Young, C (2013). The Migration Dynamics of the "Creative Class": Evidence froma study of Artists in Stockholm, Sweden. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 1(103), pp. 195- 210. (In English)
Dadpour, S (2011). Attracting the creative class in Tehran with the help of urban design. Seffeh 21 (4), pp. 51-66. (In Persian)
Fereydoon, Sh (2008). Typology and process of design and implementation of combined research. Journal of Humanities Methodology, pp. 75- 103. (In Persian)
Florida, R (2002). The Rise of the Creative Class. New York: Basic Books. (In English)
Florida, R (2005). Cities and the Creative Class. New York: Routledge. (In English)
Florida, R (2005). The Flight of the Creative Class. HarperCollins, New York (NY). (In English)
Florida, R (2013). More Losers than Winners in America's New Economic Geography. (In English)
Hoseinipour, J., Tvakoli, H (2013). Investigating the criteria of a creative city with emphasis on sustainable urban development (case study: Piranshahr). The First National Conference on geography, urban planning and sustainable development. Tehran. (In Persian)
Heerden, S.V., Bontje, M (2014). What about Culture for the Ordinary Workforce? A Study on the Locational Preferences of the Creative Class in Prenlauer Berg, Berlin. (In English)
Jahangiri, M., Soleimani, A (2015). Evaluation of creativity indicators in Tehran. Case study: District 22 of Tehran. The first Scientific research conference of new horizons in geography and planning, architecture and urban planning of Iran. Tehran: Association for the Development and Promotion of Basic Sciences and Technologies. (In Persian)
Sarrafi, M., Ghurchi, M., Mohammadi, M (2009). Globalization, global cities and the metropolis of Tehran (a critique of Nigel Harris's view). City Economy. (In Persian)
Statistical Center of Iran. (2017). Retrieved from www.amar.org.ir. (In Persian)
Landry, C (2008). The Creative City. A toolkit for urban innovators. 2nd edition. Narodowe Centrum Kultury, Warszawa. (In English)
Leeeuwen, B.V (2007). Human Capital and Economic Growth in India, Indonesia and Japan: a Quantitative Analysis. 1890- 2000. Netherlands: google books. (In English)
Likert, R (1932). A Technique for Measurement of Attitudes. Archive of Psychology. pp.5-55. (In English)
Lucas, R (1988). On the Mechanics of Economic Development. 2. (In English)
Markusen, A (2006). Urban Development and the Politics of a Creative Class: Evidence from a Study of Artists. Environment and Planning, 38(10), pp. 1921-1940. (In English)
Romer, P (1994). The Origins of Endogenous Growth. The Journal of Economic Perspectives, 8(1), pp. 3-22. (In English)
Scott, A (2000). The Cultural Economy of Cities: Essays on the Geography of Image-Producing Industries. SAGE. (In English)
Scott, A.J (2000). The Cultural Economy of Cities: essays on the Geography of image-producing industries. London: sage. (In English)
Suwala, L (2012). The Geography of Creativity. Regional Studies. 46(8), pp. 1103-1105. (In English)
Throsby, D (1994). The Production and Consumption of the Arts: A View of Cultural Economics. Journal of Economic Literature, XXXII, pp. 1-29. (In English)
Throsby, D (2008). The Concentric Circles Model of the Cultural Industries. Cultural Trends. 17(3) , pp. 147-64. (In English)
Tornqvist, G (2012). The Geography of Creativity. UK: Edward Elgar Pub. (In English)
Yousefi, R., yidevar, A., Ahmadi, M., Hashemi, A (2014). Creative city is a model for sustainable urban development. Fourth International Conference on Sustainable Development and Urban Development. Isfahan: Institute of Higher Education for Scholars. (In Persian)
Zanganeh, F., Jafari Mehrabadi, M., Davodi, M  (2017). Creative class residential preferences; literature review. The first conference of new ideas and technologies in geographical sciences. Rasht: Guilan State University. (In Persian)

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 19 May 2020
  • Revise Date: 26 August 2020
  • Accept Date: 04 November 2020

Share

How to cite

Statistics