Documentation of changes of natural and human ecological in urban open spaces (Case study: historical sites of Kerman City)

Document Type : Research Article (Applied - Development)

Authors

1 Assistant Professor of Climatology, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran

2 MA of Conservation & Restoration of historical buildings, Lecturer in Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran

Abstract

Objective: Urban open spaces are one of the factors which give identity to the structure of historic neighborhoods in cities, and in many cases disregarding to their structural and semantic values has disrupted the historical sites by developmental projects. And this can be clearly seen in the historic center of Kerman. Since there are no documented and compiled studies on open and public spaces in the research area (sites belong to Qajar era in Kerman) and has affected the risk of destruction and alteration of historical sites integrity including open spaces, the recognition and documentation of human and natural ecological trends and causes in these spaces seems to be necessary.
Methods: The present paper is a qualitative research with historical interpretative strategy that has been accomplished by a descriptive historical analysis method through the study of written documents, field survey and converting aerial photographs of different decades into metric maps.
Results:The findings indicate that the presence of religious uses (mosque and especially Hosseiniyeh) play a key role in the mobility and durability of Kerman's open spaces, and the geometry and formation of these spaces is a regular organic geometry which spatial centrality is quite evident in the neighboring sites. The role of the human factor in investigating the evolution is much more than the natural factors.
Conclusion: Due to the rapid demolition process in historical sites of Kerman and the elimination of open urban spaces one by one (and the undeniable role of human factors), revising the development policies and defining the specialized documentation projects in historical sites in order to connect the valuable past to the dynamic future with identity, seems to be necessary.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

Aghabozorg, N., Motedayen, H (2015), Theoretical Origims of Naghsh-e Jahan Square. Journal of Bagh-e Nazar. No.33, pp.23-44. (In Persian)
Ahmadi, Sh.Y (1991). Kerman Commanders. Annotated by Bastani Parizi, Tehran: Science. (In Persian)
Daneshvar, M (2008). Old Neighborhoods in Kerman. Kerman: markaz-e kermanshenasi. (In Persian)
Flamaki, M (2009). An Essay on Urban Conservation from Venice to Shiraz. Tehran: Faza. (In Persian)
Habibi, M (2003). From Village to City. Tehran: Tehran University. (In Persian)
Imani Jajarmi, H (2005). Cultural and Historical Features & Contemporary Evolution of Urban Neighborhood Management in Iran (Case Study: Shahrdari-Mahaleh in Torbat Heydariyeh).Iranian Journal of Anthropology. No.8, pp.17-29. (In Persian)
Imani, N (2004). Strategic Plan of Kerman Historical Fabric (Historical Center Revitalization). Kerman:  Municipal Corporation in Kerman. (In Persian)
Jahanshah, P (2005). Design Guide for Urban Spaces in Iran. Tehran: Payam-e Sima Publication Co. (In Persian)
Lynch, K (1960). The Image of the City. Translated by Mozayeni, M. (1995). Tehran: Tehran University. (In Persian)
Mohammadizadeh, N (2011). Urban Design & Arrangment of Ghaleh Mahmoud Neighborhood in Kerman with Emphasis on Regeneration the Role of Market in Ghaleh Square. Master Thesis in Urban Planning and Urban Design, with the guidance of Dr. Mahmood Ghale Noi, Isfahan University of Art. (In Persian)
Mohammadmoradi, A (1994). Study and Design of Kerman Historical-Cultural Axis. Ministry of Urban Development & Housing: Urbun Development & Revitalization Office. (In Persian)
Mohammadmoradi, A (1999). Research on Ancient City of Kerman. 2nd Congress on The History of Architecture and Urbanism in Iran. Bam Citadle. Vol. 1, PP. 325-364. Tehran: Cultural Heritage Organization. (In Persian)
Mohammadmoradi, A (2017). Revitalization Old Fabric of Cities (A Review on Experiences). Tehran: Tehran University. (In Persian)
Mohammadzadehmehr, F (2002). Toopkhaneh Square in Tehran, A Glance at The Continuity & Evolution of Urban Spaces. Tehran: Payam-e Sima. (In Persian)
Monshi Kermani, M.A (2012). Kerman State Geography in Naseri Era. Kerman: markaz-e kermanshenasi. (In Persian)
Motadayen (Hemat) Kermani, M (1985). Kerman History. Kerman: Hemat-e Kermani. (In Persian)
Mousavi, E., Baghi, S., Moradi, N., Ranjbar, E (2015). Typology of Squares in Neighborhoods in Gorgan Historical Fabric.Journal of Studies on Iranian-Islamic City. No. 3, pp.67-78. (In Persian)
Naghizadeh, M (2006). Process of Squares Transformation in Iran Cities. Journal of Fine arts. No. 25, pp.15-18. (In Persian)
Nejadsattari, S (2011). The Role of Urban Squares and the Consequences of Its Decline in Modern Cities with Emphasis on Iranian Cities. Journal of Studies on Iranian-Islamic City. No.3, pp.70-75. (In Persian)
Parvizi, E., Bemanian, M.R., Mahdavinezhad, M.J (2016). Identifying The Criteria of Noble Mentality in New Architecture of Historical Valueble Sites to Enhance the Physical Identity of Historical Fabrics. Journal of Maremat & Memari-e Iran. No.11, pp.65-75. (In Persian)
Pourahmad, A (1991). Geography & Functions of Bazaar in Kerman. Kerman: Markaz-e Kermanshenasi. (In Persian)
Pourahmad, A (1992). Geography & Structure of Bazaar in Kerman. Tehran: Jahad-e daneshgahi. (In Persian)
Pourzargar, M.R., Moafi Ghafari, P., Amjadi, M (2018). Value Revitalization in Urban Open Spaces (Tekye-ye Dowlat). Journal of Bagh-e Nazr, No.63, pp.41-54. (In Persian)
Radvell, D (2007). Conservation and Sustainability in Historic Cities. Translated by Hanachi, P. (2014). Tehran: Tehran University. (In Persian)
Salehi, E (2008). Invironmental Specifications of Safe Urban Spaces. Tehran: Urban & Architecture Research Center. (In Persian)
Shahabinezhad, A., Abouei, R., Ghalehnoei, M (2016). Open Space of Naghsh-e Jahan Square, Values & Problems. Journal of Bagh-e Nazar. No. 44. pp.53-64. (In Persian)
Shamaei, A. & Pourahmad, A (2010). Urban Rehabilitation and Renovation from the geographic point of view. Tehran: Tehran University. (In Persian)
Shieh, E (1999). City and Region in Iran. Tehran: Iran University of Science & Technology. (In Persian)
Soltanzadeh, H (1993). Urban Spaces in Iran Historical Fabrics. Tehran: Cultural Researches Office. (In Persian)
Soltanzadeh, H (2011). A Brief History of Town and Urbanization in Iran.Tehran: Chahar Taar. (In Persian)
Sykes, P (1915). Ten Thousand Miles in Persia. Translated by Saadatnouri, H. (1957). Tehran: Ebn-E Sina. (In Persian)
Tehran Academic Center for Education Culture and Research Organization. (1988). Revitalization Plan for Historic Fabric of Kerman: kerman municipality. (In Persian)
Vaziri, A.A.Kh (1996). Kerman History. Corrected & Annotated by Bastani Parizi. Tehran: Nashr-e Elmi. (In Persian)
Zangiabadi, A (1997). Geography & Urban planning of Kerman. Kerman: markaz-e kermanshenasi. (In Persian)
Zareei, H., Shahabinezhad, A (2017). Gheisariyeh Square in Laar. Journal of Architecture in Hot and Dry Climate. No.6, pp.1-26. (In Persian)
Journal of Urban Social Geography
Volume 6, Issue 2 - Serial Number 15
September 2019
Pages 205-234

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 07 January 2019
  • Revise Date: 08 August 2019
  • Accept Date: 18 September 2019

Share

How to cite

Statistics